C++ break, continue, goto keyword

break keyword

break statement neglect the statement after it and exit compound statement. in the loop and transfer the control outside the loop

Break it's sole purpose to passes control out of the compound statement i.e. Loop, Condition, Method or Procedures.

Example :

while(a)
{
    while(b)
    {
        if(b == 10)
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    // break will bring us here.
}

continue keyword

Similar,To break statement continuestatement also neglect the statement after it in the loop and send control back to starting point of loop for next iteration instead of outside the loop.

Example :

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
    int a = 10;
    while(a < 20)
    {
        if( a == 15)
        {
            // skip the iteration
            a = a + 1;
            continue;
        }

        cout<<"value of a: "<<a<<endl;
        a++;
    }
return 0;
}

Output :

 value of a: 10
 value of a: 11
 value of a: 12
 value of a: 13
 value of a: 14
 value of a: 16
 value of a: 17
 value of a: 18
 value of a: 19

goto

• goto statement transfer the control to the label specified with the goto statement
• label is any name give to particular part in program
• label is followed with a colon (:)

Syntax :

label1:
-
-
goto label1;

Example :

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int i, j;

    for ( i = 0; i < 10; i++ )
    {
        cout<<"Outer loop executing. i = "<<i<<"\n";
        for ( j = 0; j < 3; j++ )
        {
            cout<<" Inner loop executing. j = "<<j<<"\n";
            if ( i == 5 )
            {
                goto stop;
            }
        }
    }

    // This message does not print.
    cout<<"Loop exited. i = "<<i<<endl;

    stop:
        cout<<"Jumped to stop. i = "<<i<<"\n";
}

Output :

Outer loop executing. i = 0
 Inner loop executing. j = 0
 Inner loop executing. j = 1
 Inner loop executing. j = 2
Outer loop executing. i = 1
 Inner loop executing. j = 0
 Inner loop executing. j = 1
 Inner loop executing. j = 2
Outer loop executing. i = 2
 Inner loop executing. j = 0
 Inner loop executing. j = 1
 Inner loop executing. j = 2
Outer loop executing. i = 3
 Inner loop executing. j = 0
 Inner loop executing. j = 1
 Inner loop executing. j = 2
Outer loop executing. i = 4
 Inner loop executing. j = 0
 Inner loop executing. j = 1
 Inner loop executing. j = 2
Outer loop executing. i = 5
 Inner loop executing. j = 0
Jumped to stop. i = 5